The dissemination of these findings led to increased demands for pollution controls from the public and legislators, but denials of the need for urgent action arose from the government. This CD-ROM introduces the air quality in Hong Kong over the last 10 years. It contains useful materials on sources and health effects of air pollutants, air pollution control laws and statistics closely related to air pollution. Daily concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter < or = 10 pm (PM10); and ozone (O3) were derived from eight monitoring stations with hourly data that were at least 75% complete during the study period. This book provides a comprehensive and comparative assessment of the current status and challenges in urban air pollution management in 20 cities in the Asian region. Improving Hong Kong's air quality is a complex exercise that requires strong understanding of environmental sciences, ability to chart evidence-based multi-disciplinary Tao L, Gao Y, Dou H, Wu X, Yan L, Liu D, Zhao Y, Zhao Q, Wang P, Zhang Y. Airborne particulate matter, population mobility and COVID-19: a multi-city study in China. (2003) conducted a study on the air quality of different indoor environments which included offices, homes, air-conditioned classrooms, shopping malls, and restaurants in Hong Kong. To help improve understanding on the health risk of air quality and the actions you can take to improve air quality, the EPD produced a video series entitled “Clean Air and You”. Short-term association between ambient air pollution and pneumonia in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis of time-series and case-crossover studies. Environ Health Perspect. Vulnerable groups such as children and the elderly are especially susceptible to the effects of air pollution. A number of research studies have shown association between increase in PM concentration and increase in daily hospital admissions and premature deaths from respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. The benefits of regular outdoor exercise in areas with air pollution outweigh the risks, a new, long-term study claims. Medline literature search (1960-1999), websites of the World Health Organization and Environmental Protection Department, Hong Kong, and a report from the Sub-Working Group on the Review of Hong Kong's Air Quality . Vehicular and marine vessels as well as industrial fuel combustion also contribute to the atmospheric sulphur dioxide. Coefficients from time-series models and gazetted costs were used to estimate the health and economic impacts of different levels of pollution. In general, PM consists of a complex mixture of solid and liquid particles of organic and inorganic substances suspended in the air. RESULTS The excess risk (ER) estimates for the short-term effects of air pollution on mortality and hospitalization for broad categories of disease were greater in those 65 years and older than in the all-ages group and were consistent with other studies. Air pollution can have many harmful effects on health, including high blood pressure. This book discusses regional and international climate-change, air- pollution and human-health scenarios. introduce the pollutant criteria and the air quality detector, monitoring system. PM has been classified as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1) by IARC. Lead is a highly toxic and is known to damage the nervous system and kidney, and interfere with the synthesis of haemoglobin. Their work focuses on . A time-series study of ambient air pollution and daily mortality in Shanghai, China. The association of air pollution (per standard deviation (SD) higher) with body mass index (BMI) in Hong Kong's "Children of 1997" birth cohort, single-pollutant analysis using ordinary . Guo et al. Information related to Local Air Quality and Air Quality Health Index. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! This book focuses on the health impacts of air pollution in China, especially the epidemiology-based exposure-response functions for the mortality, morbidity, and hospital admissions for respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, lung ... Exposure to low level of nitrogen dioxide may cause increased bronchial reactivity and in those with asthma increased response to allergens. First, it could potentially bring about massive health benefits. The GAIA air quality monitoring stations are using high-tech laser particle sensors to measure in real-time PM2.5 pollution, which is one of the most harmful air pollutants. Lead occurs naturally in the earth's crust but the natural sources contribute only a small fraction of the amount of lead found in air, food, water and dust. This study primarily aims to examine the relationship between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and respiratory morbidities in Chinese children. Effect of air pollution on daily mortality in Hong Kong. The Danish Chamber of Commerce in Hong Kong stated that several of its potential new employees have declined an offer of work in the city because of the health risks . The series can be found in the following EPD's website - http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/environmentinhk/air/prob_solutions/clean_air_you.html. 2021 May;150:106434. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106434. It is enforced by the Environmental Protection Department (EPD). This is having an equivalent effect to that of smoking tobacco, and much higher than, say, the effects of eating too much salt. (2) The AQHI information is based on real time data taken directly from EPD's Air Quality Monitoring Network. 8600 Rockville Pike This dissertation, "Systematic Review on the Adverse Effects of Traffic Related Air Pollution on Respiratory Health in Children" by Sau-kei, Angel, Lam, 林秀琪, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is ... Healthway Hong Kong Ltd. is a reputable IAQ testing company with a long list of successful past cases and clients, and we only use high-tech indoor air quality monitors in Hong Kong to get the most accurate results, as well as through the expertise of our very own IAQ (Indoor Air Quality) experts. Initial results show that air pollution in Shenzhen is higher than in Hong Kong - in particular the levels of small aerosol particles that have the most adverse effects on human health. Facebook live: special talk on climate change with Arnold Schwarzenegger. Long-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide can lower a person's lung function and resistance to respiratory infections. By showing the invisible inequality between these two cities and making it public, citizens can take action - politically, or with their feet, on their daily . The possible confounding effects of influenza were assessed by observing changes in magnitude of the effect estimate when each influenza measurement was entered into the model; and interactions between air pollution and influenza were assessed by entering the terms for the product of the air pollutant concentration and a measurement of influenza activity into the model. 2020 Dec 1;4(12):e2020GH000305. 1997 Dec;14 Suppl 6:S1-63. 2.5). Nitrogen dioxide also aggravates existing chronic respiratory diseases. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Adolescent Haze-Related Knowledge Level Study: A Cross-Sectional Survey With Sensitivity Analysis. Hong Kong also experiences regional air pollution which is the result of emissions from power plants, industry and motor vehicles in both Hong Kong and the Pearl River Delta region. Public health and air pollution in Asia (PAPA): a combined analysis of four studies of air pollution and mortality. In Hong Kong, the main source of sulphur dioxide is the power stations. Res Rep Health Eff Inst. Air Quality Monitoring. Part 1. The chronic health effects from exposure to ambient air pollution are still unclear. In this paper, we aim to estimate the causal effect of air pollution on mental health in China. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! This dissertation, "Health Risk Assessment of Toxic Air Pollutants in Hong Kong" by Wai-tak, Eden, Ngan, 顔偉得, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: ... 2017 Nov;230:1000-1008. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.063. Hong Kong, one of the largest metropolitans in the world, is a good candidate for studying the health effects of air pollution with its dense population, detailed monitoring of air quality and hospital admissions. Impact of Extreme Hot Climate on COVID-19 Outbreak in India. Wong CM, Vichit-Vadakan N, Vajanapoom N, Ostro B, Thach TQ, Chau PY, Chan EK, Chung RY, Ou CQ, Yang L, Peiris JS, Thomas GN, Lam TH, Wong TW, Hedley AJ, Kan H, Chen B, Zhao N, London SJ, Song G, Chen G, Zhang Y, Jiang L, Qian Z, He Q, Lin HM, Kong L, Zhou D, Liang S, Zhu Z, Liao D, Liu W, Bentley CM, Dan J, Wang B, Yang N, Xu S, Gong J, Wei H, Sun H, Qin Z; HEI Health Review Committee. Those who exercise outdoor also increase their exposure to air pollutants. The Hong Kong government introduced an Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) alert warning system in 2013 to protect public health against the harmful effects of air pollution. Research Achievement of the following project funded by the RGC: Project coordinator: Professor Lao, Xiangqian Project No. Air pollution in Hong Kong is a threat to public health associated with morbidity and mortality (Fan et al., 2018; Pun et al., 2014; Wong et al., 2015). [The contribution of outdoor atmospheric pollution in respiratory pathology]. This book presents revised guideline values for the four most common air pollutants - particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide - based on a recent review of the accumulated scientific evidence. 2012 Jun;(169):5-72; discussion 73-83. Found inside – Page 306Health Effects Institute (HEI), Boston, MA, United States HEI is an independent ... A dynamic three-dimensional air pollution exposure model for Hong Kong. Bethesda, MD 20894, Help Found insideTraffic-Related Air Pollution synthesizes and maps TRAP and its impact on human health at the individual and population level. The book analyzes mitigating standards and regulations with a focus on cities. t is a priority of this Government to reduce air pollution and the associated risks to people's health. 2010 Nov;(154):91-217. Hong Kong has been facing two air pollution issues, namely local street-level pollution and regional smog problem. Regular exercise, even performed in areas with air pollution, can reduce the risk of death from natural causes, according to new research in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal) https://www . Data: In this analysis, we considered only 8 of these (Beijing, Fuzhou, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Shanghai, Shenyang, Suzhou, Tangshan; Figure 1) because we were not able to obtain the stroke mortality data in the other cities.Our study area was restricted to the urban areas of these 8 cities because . For information on assessment of medical fitness to use respirators in conditions of high AQHI, medical practitioners may refer to the relevant “Guidance for Physicians”. Commercial vehicles are the main source of street-level pollution. This dissertation, "The Effects of Walkability on Air Pollution and Public Health" by Kai, Katie, Huang, 黄恺, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution ... 8600 Rockville Pike PMC Res Rep Health Eff Inst. According to the report, the "roadside air pollution index" recorded by Hong Kong's Environmental Protection Department indicated "very high pollution" on at least . Environmental Health Perspectives, 116 (9): 1189-1194. Found inside"The joint WHO and UN-HABITAT report, Hidden cities: unmasking and overcoming health inequities in urban settings, is being released at a turning point in human history. More than 70 million people live in China's Greater Bay Area, a booming megalopolis that includes Hong Kong, Macau, and nine other major cities. 1998).Similarly, influenza also contributes a heavy burden of morbidity and mortality from respiratory diseases (RDs) and CVDs (Chow . The evidence for no threshold means that annual average increases in . As air pollution also affects . It may also provoke asthmatic attacks in people having asthma. Association of daily mortality with ambient air pollution, and effect modification by extremely high temperature in Wuhan, China. Both ambient (outdoor) and household (indoor) air pollution are responsible for about 7 million deaths globally per year; in the Western Pacific Region alone, around 2.2 . Zhao Q, Yang C, Tang S, Zhao Y, Dou H, Chen Y, Lu Y, Tao L. Front Pediatr. Hong Kong air pollution is 'serious' health risk for second day in a row, as low pressure influenced by Tropical Cyclone Danas leads to hazy conditions This Special Issue call for papers from […] Sulphur dioxide is formed primarily from combustion of sulphur containing fossil fuels. This dissertation, "Marine-shipping Related Exposures and Mortality in Hong Kong: a Time-series Study" by Yunxin, He, 何韻忻, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative ... EPD also monitors the local air quality and communicates the short-term health risk posed by air pollution to the general public through the Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) currently. Found insideOzone is a highly oxidative compound formed in the lower atmosphere (from gases originating to a large extent from anthropogenic sources) by photochemistry driven by solar radiation. The biologic mechanisms are still unclear, and further research is needed. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:17193-17200. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1812881116. We systematically searched the MEDLINE database using keywords of 80 major Chinese cities in Mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan on 30 June 2012, yielding 350 . Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1. We investigate the effects of automobile congestion on ambient air pollution and local infant mortality rates using data from California spanning 2002 to 2007. Hong Kong Free Press (2018, January 22) Monday air pollution in Hong Kong five times worse than Beijing. A tale of two cities: effects of air pollution on hospital admissions in Hong Kong and London compared. OBJECTIVE To review the effects of air pollution on health, with special reference to data obtained locally in Hong Kong. Three measures of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) activity were derived from positive isolates of specimens in the virology laboratory of Queen Mary Hospital (QMH), the main clinical teaching center at The University of Hong Kong and part of the Hong Kong Hospital Authority network of teaching hospitals: influenza intensity (defined as the weekly proportion of positive isolates of influenza in the total number of specimens received for diagnostic tests); the presence of influenza epidemic (defined as a period when the weekly frequency of these positive isolates is > or = 4% of the annual total number of positive isolates [i.e., twice the expected mean value] in two or more consecutive weeks); and influenza predominance (defined as a period of influenza epidemic when the weekly frequency of RSV was less than 2% for two or more consecutive weeks). Evidence is mounting that air pollution can cause harm at much lower levels than previously thought. It ranges in scope from meteorology, atmospheric chemistry, and particle physics to the causes and scope of allergic reactions and respiratory, cardiovascular, and related disorders. 2019 Mar;26(8):7883-7895. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-04116-8. 2018. DATA SOURCES Medline literature search (1960-1999), websites of the World Health Organization and Environmental Protection Department, Hong Kong, and a report from the Sub-Working Group on the Review of Hong Kong's Air Quality Objectives, 1999. Constructing instrumental variables (IV) using the relationship of traffic, weather conditions, and pollutants, we show that particulate matter, even at modern levels, has large marginal . Nhung NTT, Amini H, Schindler C, Kutlar Joss M, Dien TM, Probst-Hensch N, Perez L, Künzli N. Environ Pollut. Inhalation of sulphur dioxide causes narrowing of the airways (bronchoconstriction), which people suffering from asthma and chronic respiratory diseases are more sensitive to than other people. MeSH 2012 Aug;(170):5-91. Objectives To examine the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and lung function among Chinese schoolchildren in Southern China (Hong Kong). (3) The hourly reported AQHI is for short term health risk communication; for health risks of long-term exposure of the air quality, please refer to the Annual Air Quality Index(Annual AQI). The health effects of air pollution are serious - one third of deaths from stroke, lung cancer and heart disease are due to air pollution. Clean Air Network started in 2009 with the aim of educating the public about the health impacts of air pollution and mobilising public support for cleaner air in Hong Kong. "Habitual exercise reduces the risk of death regardless of exposure to air pollution, and air pollution generally increases the risk of death regardless of habitual exercise. A systematic review of financial implications of air pollution on health in Asia. This book will be of great interest to students of environmental pollution and contemporary Chinese studies looking for an introduction to the topic and also for researchers looking for an extensive list of sources and analysis of China's ... Localized Air Quality Index and forecast for Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong. Found inside – Page 128... of environmental policy for land management in Zimbabwe 9959 Effects of ... In Hong Kong 9699 Indoor air quality: A design parameter 9013 Air pollution, ... An API number of 100 is particularly important since it indicate to the short-term air quality in Hong Kong.
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